What Is a Rug?

A rug is a thick fabric for covering part of a floor, woven of wool and often having an oblong shape. It is distinguished from a carpet in that the former is a piece of definite size, not intended to cover an entire room. It is also distinguished from a shawl and other types of cloth used as coverings, or from animal skins. It is often referred to as a mat in American English.

In feng shui and related beliefs, rugs are believed to slow down the flow of energy through living spaces. They are therefore used in rooms such as bedrooms, kitchens and bathrooms to help create a feeling of relaxation. The rug’s color, design and texture is important in the creation of this effect.

The earliest Oriental rug dealers opened retail outlets in America’s major cities, such as New York City. These were usually in the form of small shops, but some were specialized in particular styles and regions of the world. During the early 20th century, several Armenian immigrants opened rug stores in New York City. The most prominent ones were founded by Dikran Kelekian, Hagop Kevorkian, S. Kent Costikyan and H. Michaelyan.

The main border or guard is a distinct band that surrounds the field of the rug and serves as a frame for the central design. It can feature elaborate patterns and motifs that complement or contrast with those in the field. It may be a wide or narrow band that extends around the outer edges of the rug. Many village and nomadic rugs have flat-woven kilim ends that are weft-faced, braided or tasseled to provide additional protection against wear. These kilims may include pile-woven tribal signs or village crests.